The latest United Nations IPCC (AR6) report is the most sobering assessment ever on the climate crisis - with major changes already inevitable and irreversible. Here's what you need to know... Image In August 2021, the IPCC published the first instalment, 'The Physical Science Basis', of its long-awaited Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). It made news headlines around the world and responses from key figures, including global political leaders. Crucially, this report is being used to inform the discussions of world leaders at the UN climate change talks (known as COP26) in November 2021. Time to act So what does the report say? We are among the world-leading climate scientists contributing to the IPCC reports - so we've provided the following information for you. At a glance: It is now undeniable that human activity has warmed the atmosphere, oceans and land. All regions of the world are already experiencing the impacts. Major climate changes are inevitable and irreversible for 'centuries to millennia'. Human-caused climate change is influencing extreme weather events, which will become even worse in the coming decades. The amounts of snow and ice have diminished, and sea level has risen. Global warming could exceed the 1.5C danger limit set out in the Paris Agreement as soon as the 2030's. Projections on future warming reveal changes will escalate - with effects we cannot fully anticipate. Only drastic cuts in greenhouse gas emissions this decade can prevent us from rising global temperatures to a disastrous extent. What you need to know The latest IPCC report, produced by hundreds of the world's top scientists runs into thousands of pages. It can make for grim reading. However, its important to know some aspects of the IPCC's findings to understand what the future might look like and what we can do about it. So, we've broken down some of the key highlights for you: Global warming - Earth's climate is changing The climate crisis is 'unequivocally' caused by human activities. We are already experiencing the impacts of climate change, but changes will continue to escalate - with effects we cannot fully anticipate. Extreme weather is on the rise From record-breaking heatwaves and wildfires to disastrous floods, human-caused climate change is devastating our planet. And it will get worse... Ice is melting and the sea level is rising The ocean and cryosphere (the frozen parts of our planet) are critical for life on Earth. However, ice is melting at an unprecedented rate, sea levels are rising, and oceans are warming - with more to come. Want to know more? We've provided some useful links for you. To see the information, simply click on each heading below: Considering studying with us? Image Making a difference starts here, with our diverse undergraduate, postgraduate and research degree programmes. Study with us, and join one of the largest and most successful groupings of geographers and geoscientists in the UK as we address the most compelling issues of our time. You will also become part of one of the top universities in the world. We’re 16th in the most recent QS World University Rankings. Check out our degrees and help us change the world. Explore our degrees Research institutes, groups and networks Research Institutes Our research is carried out across our three interdisciplinary research institutes. There are also a number of research groups within each institute. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of our research, academic staff may belong to one or more groups across the institutes. Each of the following research institutes is a major centre of expertise: Global Change Institute Geography and the Lived Environment Institute Earth and Planetary Science Institute Our School also runs the Edinburgh Climate Change Institute (ECCI) and the Centre for Sustainable Forests and Landscapes Visit their websites: Edinburgh Climate Change Institute (ECCI) Centre for Sustainable Forests and Landscapes External centres and networks Our research enables people from different institutes within the School, other departments within the University as well as external partners and organisations to work together to address local and global challenges. External centres and networks University impact stories Find out how our University community is making its mark upon the world through its research, innovation, ideas and actions. You can read interviews with some of our researchers and their work on the University Impact website: Edinburgh Impact website This article was published on 2024-07-01